1) The insurance industry is one of the oldest industries in the world, with roots dating back thousands of years.

2) The world's largest diamond, the Cullinan, was discovered in South Africa in 1905 and weighed over 3,000 carats.

3) The Treaty of Tordesillas, signed in 1494, divided the newly discovered lands outside of Europe between Spain and Portugal, leading to the colonization of the Americas.

4) The word "oxygen" contains two vowels: O and E.